Session 2 - The True Nature of Reflection and Its Fruits

In this second session on reflection (tafakkur), covering Book 39 of Imam al-Ghazali’s Ihya’ ‘Ulum al-Din (Revival of Religious Sciences), Sh. Yahya Rhodus defines tafakkur and related terms and then looks at seven types of reflection and their fruits as described by Imam al-Haddad (1634-1720 CE) in his work The Book of Assistance. He then finishes with a discussion on the five degrees of reflection.